1304 – 23 Aug 1305
They used a giant Trebuchet and gunpowder at Siege of Stirling Castle.
After the defeat of William Wallace‘s Scots army at the Battle of Falkirk in 1298, it took Edward I six years to gain full control of Scotland. The last stronghold of resistance to English rule was Stirling Castle. Armed with twelve siege engines, the English laid siege to the castle in April 1304.[2] For four months the castle was bombarded by lead balls (stripped from nearby church roofs), Greek fire, stone balls, and even some sort of gunpowder mixture. Edward I had sulphur and saltpetre, components of gunpowder, brought to the siege from England.[3]
Impatient with the lack of progress, Edward ordered his chief engineer, Master James of St. George, to begin work on a new, more massive engine called Warwolf (a trebuchet). The castle’s garrison of 30, led by William Oliphant, eventually were allowed to surrender on 24 July after Edward had previously refused to accept surrender until the Warwolf had been tested.
Despite previous threats, Edward spared all the Scots in the garrison and executed only one Englishman who had previously given over the castle to the Scots.[4] Sir William Oliphant was imprisoned in the Tower of London.
England invades Scotland from 1304 -1306 (Arnald starts to really break here)
Localized famine in France (1304-1305) threatens the family and the horses.
William trying, who has been trying to get lands to retire on, finally gets word that he has been granted them. Lord of Navailles: terrorizing people. This is a huge Lord of Navailles episode:
Before March 1305: SC 8/292/14551 William Arnold de Brocas, burgess of Sault-de-Navailles, states that John de Sescaus, his colleague and uncle, has lived in Bonnegarde, with his wife, children and household, since the day when the Lord of Navailles took Sault-de-Navailles, in great poverty and hardship; and that because of his poverty, he borrowed corn and money to the sum of £10 sterling from Peter de Caseltz, chaplain of Nassiet, John de Casterra, Peter de la Shyte, notary of Bonnegarde, and from Arnold de Costerre, who were keepers of the king’s goods in Bonnegarde. He requests a letter for John to the said keepers, for them to release and quitclaim this sum to him, and to give him his full £10 worth, and that this sum might be allowed in the letters for debts and wages that the king owes William Arnold.
The Constable of Bordeaux is to be ordered to allow him this money to the keepers of the victuals at Bonnegarde, and that this money is to be endorsed on the letters of the said William Arnold de Brocas, which he has under the seal of the Earl of Lincoln; and the said William is to issue a letter to the said Constable that he has received this sum.Entered.Datable to 1305 with reference to Roles Gascons, vol. III no.4745, which is dated 30 March 1305, and which is clearly in response to this petition. Closure Status: Roles Gascons, vol. III (1290-1307), ed. C. Bemont, (, 1906), no.4745 (instructions to allow this sum to John de Sescaus in accordance with the endorsement)
Navailles 14543: Arnold Loup, Lord of Estibeaux, states that he has a piece of land called Ozourt, which is bordered by the land of the Lord of Navailles and by Castelnau-Chalosse, and that the Lord of Navailles and his people commit great outrages against him there. He asks the king to enter into an alliance with him to build a bastide there. If the king wishes to do this, he asks him to order his lieutenant to start to build the bastide, as he can have plenty of land and wood in that place.
12 April 1305: Roles Gascons 4785 Translated using Google translate from Latin:
King dear and faithful steward of Gascony, which is now either for the time being, or his deputy, greeting. I understand that, at the village of Sant in our hand the time sufferencie between us and the king of France, mother, brother and sorer G. Arnaud de Broke (See more top # 4745) citizen of the town of Saute, with some countries opposed to us are killed they were, for the fact that the said William of Arnaud there in the service of our morobatur, which is indeed the nations of the fully heard of the death of the aforesaid, and cry; and forbannizate that time, we order you, so the nations of the aforesaid we knew and forms forbannitas, wherever found, they shall be in the whole of our authority, contained in the aforesaid the duchy of Aquitaine, he has them like the murder aforesaid marks (Ms, murder aforesaid) justice to explain, without prolongacione over this way. And this is the same command you want to give to all of our officers in proportion to Gascony. In testimony, etc. Given Westminster,. twelve. April. (1305) From reddit u/Vbhoy82:
However, I read this not as a petition to the king, but an order from him to his seneschal(?) in Gascony. It does say that the mother, father and sister of Guillelmus were killed by people hostile to the king.. Since Guillelmus himself also was killed in the king’s service and the killers are known, he orders the killers of his family to be outlawed/banished from the duchy of Aquitaine (and brought to justice if found within the area under the king’s rule in Gascony?) From u/NasusSyrae It doesn’t say he died. It says “morabatur,” which means he was delaying or devoting his attention to something. mori vs morari. Also : You are correct about what you said! Forbannire is a late Latin word. Those are past particles that mean “outlawed” or “banished.” For medieval terms, this site pulls from dictionaries of later Latin: https://logeion.uchicago.edu/forbannire. Also, Google translate doesn’t work really at all for Latin, regardless of time time period, and especially for previously untranslated things.
Navailles 1305 : Bernard de Vignoles states that the Lord of Vignoles, his father, was killed by the king’s enemies, and many others of his family died in his service, and that his houses at Vignoles are burnt down and his lands laid waste, and he and his men are afraid to live there, for fear of the lord of Navailles and the lord of Mauleon and their people; so that his mother and his wife are living in great poverty. He makes five requests:1) He asks the king to give him a place at farm where he can live: that is Labouheyre, Brassenx, Auribat, Bonnegarde or Sorde.2) He asks that he might have an assignment in one of these places for the £300 of Bigorre that the king, of his grace, has promised him.3) He asks that he might be paid the arrears of the wages owed to himself and his father, or, if he cannot be paid, that he might receive the money from the farm of the bailiwick granted him.4) He asks that the wardrobe might pay him the money he has spent in equipping himself for the war in Scotland, for which he has incurred great debts in London.5) He requests a letter of permission to rebuild his house of Vignoles, as strongly as he can, in any place in his inheritance he wishes, as soon as he has the power. Malcolm Vale discusses this petition on p.109 and pp.117-118 of The Angevin Legacy and the Hundred Years War, 1250-1340 (Oxford 1990); on p.109 he dates it to 1305. Roles Gascons, vol. III no.4684 is dated 1 April 1305, no.4894 is dated 10 April 1305 and no.4934 is dated 4 April 1305: all would seem to be in response to this petition. Roles Gascons, vol. III no.4648 is dated 24 November 1304, and would seem to be the original grant of £300 mentioned here.
1305: SC 8/84/4175 William Arnold has requested the grant of one of a number of bailiwicks in satisfaction of the debt due to him for his service in the war. He has not been able to have any of these bailiwicks, and requests that he can have the bailiwick of Bonnegarde to provide for him in his remaining years. Let it be ordered to the seneschal and constable that they are to provide him with a bailiwick that is suitable for him until it is otherwise ordained for him.
4868. The king to his beloved, to John of Havering., His steward in the paid in the said duchy, and in the master Richard de Havering, his Constable and of Bourdeaux, and so forth. We order you to our beloved and faithful William Arnold of Brook provide a suitable place for the development of any jurisdiction as the price adequate to hold out until the very G. Arnold has been ordained otherwise. In anticipation, etc. Given as above. (Also see n. 4648 {26}) (John de Havering was Seneschal of Gascony between 1289 and 1294, and between 1304 and 1308.)
1305: William Arnold (Guilhem Arnaut) de Brocas SC 8/ 84/4176 William Arnold requests that it is ordained that amends are made of the damages and losses made to him and his fellows by the lord of Navailles according to the form of the peace made between the king and the king of France, or that the king will make amends or restoration. By the peace the lord of Navailles was ordered to restore to Arnaud and his fellows of Saintes all their houses, goods and inheritances in the vill, but instead he destroyed them all. : Let it be ordered to the seneschal that he speak with the lord of Navailles that he suffer Arnaud and his fellows to return to their lands and possessions in the town of Saintes as they were before the war, and if does not wish to do this then the king is to be certified quickly so that he is able to ordain of his estate. Datable to 1305 with reference to SC 8/84/4175. This matter was not resolved however: Gascon Rolls 1307-17 no.1439 is dated 3 September 1315.
Arnold: Wallace dragged through the streets of London. This almost does Arnald in, makes him cry.